How to Quick-Start with Bash Commands on Ubuntu 16.04

Terminal Commands Quick Start for Ubuntu 16.04

You are Welcome! The Tutorial Shows You Step-by-step How to Getting-Started with the Bash Commands on Ubuntu 16.04 Xenial Xerus GNU/Linux.

First, this is Just a ‘Quick and Dirty’ Introduction to the Command Line Basics by Example on the Console/Terminal Bash Shell emulator.

Most noteworthy: this Tutorial is Step-by-Step and You Can Just Getting-Started Following and Executing each Command without any Harm for Your System :)

Furthermore, take into account how only the ‘Practice Makes the Master‘; so ‘Take it Easy!‘ ;)

Finally, most Commands should Works also on the others Linux Shells like: Bourne, C, TC and Korn.

1. Launching Ubuntu Terminal

   Press: Ctrl+Alt+t
   Or: Cmd/Win and Search ‘terminal’
   Press “Enter” to Execute Commands on Console

   





2. To List a Directory’s Contents

   (Directories and Files included)

   ls /[path]

   For Example to List the Content of the Root Directory:

   ls /

   Or to List the Content of the Home Directory:

   ls $HOME






3. To Change Directory

   cd /[path]

   But to Go into the Home Directory simply:

   cd  

4. To Make Directories and Files

   To Create a Directory do:

   mkdir /[path]/myDirectory

   For Instance:

   mkdir $HOME/livingroom

   To Create a Blank File do:

   touch /[path]/myFile

   For Instance:

   touch $HOME/livingroom/box

   And how you could already have perceived, in my creative Examples I make use of the following Mnemonic Linking:

   • Directory -> Spatial Entity

   • File -> Thing

   And so in the Previous Command to an “Empty File” corresponds a natively “Empty Thing” like a “box”, or otherwise you may take it as a simple Label/Name ;)






5. To Copy Directories and Files

   To Copy a Single File:

   cp /[path1]/myFile1 /[path2]/

   Or also Setting a New File’s Name at the same time:

   cp /[path1]/myFile1 /[path2]/myFile2

   And to Copy Multiple Files at once:

   cp /[path]/myFile1 ... /[pathN]/myFileN 
   /[pathX]/

   (After a ‘\’ Backslash the Command is Not Executed but follows in the Next Line)

   For Instance to Copy a Single File:

   cp $HOME/livingroom/box $HOME/bedroom/ 

   Then to Copy a Single Directory with all its Contents:

   cp -r /[path1]/myDir1 /[path2]/

   Or Setting a New Name:

   cp -r /[path1]/myDir1 /[path2]/myDir2

   Again to Copy Multiple Directories:

   cp -r /[path1]/myDir1 ... /[path]/myDirN 
   /[path2]/

   Now for Instance to Copy a Single Directory do:

   cp -r $HOME/livingroom $HOME/hello

6. To Move Directories and Files

   Moving a Single File:

   mv /[path]/myFile1 /[path]/toTargetDirectory/myEventualNewFileName

   To Move Multiple Files:

   mv /[path]/myFile1 ... /[path]/myFileN 
   /[path]/toTargetDirectory/

   And the Same Command is Valid Also for Directories!

   Now for Instance to Move a Single File do:

   mv $HOME/livingroom/test $HOME/hello/hello

7. To Delete Directories and Files

   To Delete a File do:

   rm /[path]/myFile

   For Instance:

   rm $HOME/livingroom/test

   And to Remove a Directory do:

   rm -rf /[path]/myDirectory

   So for Example:

   rm -rf $HOME/livingroom

   “-rf” is a combination of Flags. “r” for Recursively and “f” for Forced

8. How to Get the Admin Super-Powers

   To Login as SuperUser:

   sudo su

   If Got “User is Not in Sudoers file” then see: How to Enable sudo

   Then to Logout:

   exit

   To Protect Your System from the potential Damage of an Hazardous Crazy Command Execution the Logout should be executed every Time your Setup is Achieved!
   Finally, to Execute a Single Command as SuperUser:

   sudo su -c 'myCommand'

   Or:

   sudo myCommand

   So for instance to List the Protected root Directory try to run:

   sudo ls /root

9. How to Set Permissions on Ubuntu File System

   Ubuntu Permissions Quick Start

   Setting Up Permissions on Ubuntu.

Here is achieved the ‘Quick&Dirty’ Initiation to the Ubuntu Command Line Sphere :)
I’ll be Back Very Soon to Show the Basics of the Apt Software Packages and Repository Administration Commands!

Tags: Bash, bash commands, bash commands ubuntu 16.04, bash quickstart, basic linux commands, command line quickstart, console quickstart, Getting Started, Guide, How-to, Linux, linux terminal, Linux Tutorial, Linux Ubuntu, linux Ubuntu command line, linux Ubuntu console, linux Ubuntu terminal, Quick Start, shell quickstart, terminal commands, terminal commands ubuntu 16.04, Tutorial, ubuntu bash commands, ubuntu bash commands quickstart, ubuntu command line quickstart, Ubuntu console quickstart, Ubuntu shell quickstart, ubuntu terminal commands, ubuntu terminal commands quickstart